Sunday, July 13, 2014

Critical Thinking

Critical Thinking - Linda Elder, Richard Paul

The quality of your life is determined by the quality of your thinking.


Critical Thinking is too important to leave by chance.

You must observes what causes problems.

Bad thinking consists of:
unclear, muddled, confused
focus on trivial ideas
notice of contradictions
jump to conclusions
lose track of goals
irrelevant questions
vague questions
unrealistic
unjustified assumptions
miss key ideas
irrelevant ideas
illogically
egocentric
too simplistic
too superficial
lack of insight
narrow perspective

Critical Thinking Process

The Goal/Definition

Process: 
Raises questions
Gathers and assess information
Well reasoned conclusion/solution
Clarity
Precision
Relevance
Accuracy
Depth
Breadth
Logic
Fairness


What is the fundamental purpose
What is my perspective
What assumptions
What information do I need
What is my fundamental inference
What is the most basic question
What am I trying to answer
What are the complexities
What are the significances
What is the meaning
What is the level of detail
How can it not be self serving
Can you give more details
Can you be more exact
What is the breath?
Can it have multiple views

Egocentric thinking - Selfish gains

Socio-Centric Thinking along with Rational Thinking
Validate groups goals and thinking and consider the rights and needs of the group


Ask Deep Questions
What is the multi cultured world view
Clarity concepts
Confidence in reasons

Develop:
Intellectual Courage
Intellectual Civility - taking others seriously, equal and granting respect and full attention, not a matter of courtesy but of politeness. The opposite is intellectual rudeness. 
Intellectual arrogance - natural egocentric human tendency to believe more than we actually know. That our thinking is rarely wrong.
Intellectual autonomy - having independent, rational control of one's beliefs, values, assumptions and inferences. Commitment to analyzing and evaluating beliefs on the basis of reason and evidence. 
Intellectual courage - willingness to face negative reaction.
Intellectual curiosity - desire to deeply understand inquisite 
Intellectual discipline - Trait of intellectual standards, rigor, carefulness, thoroughness, and conscious control.
Intellectual empathy - put oneself in place of others.
Intellectual engagement - Engaging the intellect of others.
Intellectual integrity - hold oneself to same rigorous standards
Intellectual perseverance - the pursuit of insight despite difficulties
Intellectual responsible - sense of obligation to fulfill one's duties
Intellectual sense of justice - sympathetic to the viewpoints of others. 
Irrational emotions - senseless, contrarty to logic, absurd, irrational beliefs, irrational responses. Egocentricity leads to behave in unproductive and unreasonable ways.  



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